Hydrogen Purification Device

The pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen production equipment is a special device for hydrogen purification at normal temperature and pressure based on pressure swing adsorption technology. Its core advantage is that it does not require high-temperature and high-pressure reactions, and can efficiently separate high-purity hydrogen only through the physical adsorption and desorption processes of feed gas, which is widely suitable for the purification needs of various hydrogen-containing gas mixtures. The device uses hydrogen-containing gas mixtures (such as industrial by-product hydrogen-containing gas, natural gas reformed gas, etc.) as the core raw material, and its core component is a special molecular sieve — this molecular sieve has been modified by a special process, with extremely strong selective adsorption capacity, and is also the key carrier for separating hydrogen, nitrogen and other gases.

Its separation principle mainly relies on two core differences: first, the adsorption capacity of gas components on the surface of the molecular sieve is different. Hydrogen molecules are small in size and weak in polarity, so their adsorption capacity on the surface of the molecular sieve is extremely low, while the adsorption capacity of impurity gas molecules such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide is much higher than that of hydrogen; second, there is a significant difference in the diffusion rate between hydrogen and nitrogen in the carbon molecular sieve. Hydrogen diffuses faster and can quickly penetrate the pores of the molecular sieve, while impurity gases diffuse slowly and are easily adsorbed and retained by the molecular sieve. The entire separation process is precisely controlled by a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Through the orderly opening and closing of program-controlled valves, the two core steps of "pressurization adsorption - decompression desorption" are cyclically realized: under pressurized conditions, impurity gases are firmly adsorbed by the molecular sieve, and hydrogen passes through the molecular sieve smoothly to obtain preliminary purification; under decompressed conditions, the adsorbed impurity gases are separated from the surface of the molecular sieve and discharged with the tail gas, and the molecular sieve is regenerated and can be reused for adsorption work. Through this cyclic operation, hydrogen that meets the customer's required purity is continuously output, and the entire process is environmentally friendly without secondary pollution.

This PSA hydrogen production equipment is fully designed in combination with the actual needs of industrial production, taking into account efficiency, stability and economy. Its core design features are as follows:

1. Fast start-up speed, able to provide qualified hydrogen quickly: The equipment adopts an integrated design, which simplifies the start-up process and does not require complex preheating and commissioning steps. After starting up, it can complete the adsorption and separation cycle in a short time, and quickly output hydrogen with qualified purity and stable flow. It effectively solves the pain points of slow start-up and long waiting cycle of traditional hydrogen production equipment, and is suitable for various scenarios such as emergency hydrogen supply and intermittent production.

2. Full automatic operation of the equipment, realizing unattended operation throughout the process: Equipped with a high-precision PLC control system and intelligent monitoring module, it can collect equipment operation parameters (pressure, flow, hydrogen purity, etc.) in real time, and automatically complete all operations such as opening and closing of program-controlled valves, switching of adsorption-desorption cycles, and molecular sieve regeneration without manual intervention. At the same time, it has fault alarm and automatic shutdown functions, which greatly reduces the intensity of manual operation, saves labor costs and improves production safety.

3. Efficient molecular sieve filling, tighter and denser, longer service life: Adopting a special high-pressure filling process, the molecular sieve is evenly and tightly filled in the adsorption tower, which effectively avoids the problems of loosening, caking and wear of molecular sieve in traditional filling methods, and reduces the loss of molecular sieve. At the same time, it is equipped with a molecular sieve protection device, which can prevent impurity gases from polluting and eroding the molecular sieve, significantly extend the service life of the molecular sieve, and reduce equipment operation and maintenance costs and consumable replacement frequency.

4. Stable and adjustable pressure, purity and flow, meeting different needs of customers: According to the hydrogen supply needs of different industries and different production processes, the device can flexibly adjust the pressure, purity and flow of the output hydrogen. The purity can be accurately adjusted between 99% and 99.9995%, the pressure is ≤ 1Mpa, and the flow covers 5 ~ 5000Nm³/h. It can not only meet the low-flow and high-purity hydrogen supply needs of small laboratories and precision electronics industry, but also adapt to the high-flow and large-scale hydrogen supply scenarios of large-scale metallurgy and chemical industry.

5. Reasonable structure, advanced process, safety and stability, low equipment investment and energy consumption: Adopting modular structure design, compact layout and small floor space, it is convenient for installation, disassembly and later transformation; the adsorption-desorption cycle process is optimized, which greatly improves hydrogen recovery rate and separation efficiency. At the same time, the equipment operates at a moderate pressure and is equipped with a complete safety protection system, with stable and reliable operation and low failure rate; compared with traditional hydrogen production processes, it does not need to consume a lot of energy for heating and pressurization, and the equipment investment cost and operation energy consumption are significantly reduced, with both economy and environmental protection.

To ensure the operation stability of the device and the quality of hydrogen products, this PSA hydrogen production equipment is designed and manufactured in strict accordance with industry standards, with clear core technical indicators as follows:

Feed gas requirements: The pressure of feed gas shall be controlled at 1.2Mpa to ensure the smooth progress of the adsorption process; the pressure dew point is ≤ 10℃ to avoid moisture affecting the adsorption effect of molecular sieve and the operation safety of the equipment; the oil content is ≤ 0.003mg/m³ to prevent oil pollution from contaminating the molecular sieve and blocking the equipment pipeline, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device; the feed gas volume can be flexibly adjusted according to the required hydrogen volume and purity, adapting to the hydrogen production needs of different purity and flow rates, with strong compatibility.

Product hydrogen indicators: The output hydrogen pressure is ≤ 1Mpa, which can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual needs of customers to meet the pressure requirements of different production processes; the atmospheric dew point is ≤ -70℃, which effectively reduces the moisture content in hydrogen and avoids moisture affecting the subsequent production processes (such as precision annealing, electronic component manufacturing); the purity covers 99% ~ 99.9995%, which can be accurately adjusted according to industry needs to adapt to different purity standards; the hydrogen volume range is 5 ~ 5000Nm³/h, covering small, medium and large hydrogen supply scenarios, and can realize large-scale and standardized production.

With the advantages of high efficiency, stability and flexibility, this PSA hydrogen production equipment is widely used in many industries such as electronics, metallurgy, machinery and powder metallurgy, covering a variety of core production processes, providing high-quality hydrogen supply for various industries. The specific application scenarios are as follows:

1. Electronics industry: It is mainly used in the core processes such as diffusion in monocrystalline silicon manufacturing and integrated circuit production, as well as the production and manufacturing of light-emitting diodes (LED) and LD liquid crystal displays. High-purity hydrogen can be used as a protective gas and reducing gas, which effectively avoids oxidation and pollution of electronic components during production, improves product purity and qualification rate, and ensures the performance stability of electronic equipment.

2. Metallurgical industry: It is mainly used in the intermediate annealing and finished product annealing processes of precision copper strips and steel strips. As a protective gas, hydrogen can isolate air during the annealing process, prevent oxidation and discoloration of the surface of copper strips and steel strips, and at the same time improve the toughness and finish of materials, ensuring that the quality of precision metallurgical products meets the standards.

3. Machinery industry: It is mainly used in the annealing process of bearings and various precision mechanical parts. Through hydrogen-protected annealing, the internal stress generated during the processing of parts can be eliminated, the hardness, wear resistance and dimensional stability of parts can be improved, the service life of precision mechanical parts can be extended, and the probability of equipment failure can be reduced.

4. Powder metallurgy industry: It is applied in the sintering process of powder metallurgy. Hydrogen can be used as a reducing gas and protective gas. In the high-temperature sintering process, it reduces oxide impurities in powder raw materials, and at the same time prevents oxidation and caking of sintered finished products, improving the density and mechanical properties of powder metallurgy products.

5. Tungsten-molybdenum reduction industry: It is suitable for the deep hydrogen reduction process of four-tube furnaces, multi-tube furnaces and reduction furnaces. High-purity hydrogen can completely reduce oxides in tungsten and molybdenum raw materials to obtain high-purity tungsten and molybdenum elements, meeting the production needs of tungsten and molybdenum products (such as tungsten wire and molybdenum sheet).

6. Metal bright annealing: It is used in the bright annealing process of precision stainless steel plates, stainless steel pipes, carbon steel pipes and carbon steel plates. As a protective gas, hydrogen can make metal materials keep smooth surface without oxidation spots after annealing, without subsequent grinding and polishing treatment, reducing production costs and improving product appearance and quality.

7. Sintering of stainless steel powder metallurgy: In the sintering process of stainless steel powder metallurgy, hydrogen can play a protective role, isolating air to prevent oxidation of stainless steel powder, and at the same time helping to improve sintering efficiency and finished product density, ensuring the corrosion resistance and mechanical strength of stainless steel powder metallurgy products.